The term canonize has deep historical and religious significance. It is most commonly used in the Roman Catholic Church, where it refers to the official process of declaring a person a saint. However, canonization can also apply to literature, law, and cultural works that are considered authoritative or sacred.
This topic explores the meaning of canonization, provides examples of canonization in religion and literature, and explains its broader significance.
1. What Does Canonize Mean?
The word canonize comes from the Greek word kanon, meaning rule or standard. In a religious context, it refers to the formal declaration that a person is a saint. More broadly, it can mean recognizing something as authoritative, revered, or worthy of lasting recognition.
Common Uses of Canonization
- Religious canonization – Declaring someone a saint in the Catholic Church.
- Literary canonization – Recognizing a book or author as essential to a culture or tradition.
- Historical canonization – Elevating a person or event to legendary status.
Now, let’s explore these meanings with real-world examples.
2. Example of Canonization in Religion
Saint Mother Teresa’s Canonization (2016)
One of the most well-known modern examples of religious canonization is Saint Mother Teresa of Calcutta.
Her Path to Sainthood
Mother Teresa was a Catholic nun known for her work with the poor in India. She founded the Missionaries of Charity, helping thousands of people in need. After her death in 1997, the Vatican began the canonization process, which involved:
- Beatification (2003) – She was declared “Blessed” after a confirmed miracle.
- Second Miracle (2015) – Another miracle was attributed to her intercession.
- Canonization (2016) – Pope Francis officially declared her a saint in a grand ceremony at the Vatican.
Mother Teresa’s canonization process is a clear example of how the Catholic Church recognizes saints based on their holiness and miracles.
3. Example of Canonization in Literature
Shakespeare’s Works in the Literary Canon
Beyond religion, canonization happens in literature when certain works are recognized as essential. A great example is William Shakespeare.
Why Is Shakespeare Canonized?
Shakespeare’s plays and poems are part of the Western literary canon, meaning they are considered:
- Culturally significant
- Timeless and influential
- Essential reading in education
Many of his works, such as Hamlet, Macbeth, and Romeo and Juliet, are still studied today. Over centuries, literary scholars and critics have elevated Shakespeare’s works as “canonical literature”, meaning they are regarded as classics.
This literary canonization ensures that his influence remains strong across generations.
4. Example of Canonization in History and Culture
Martin Luther King Jr. in American History
Canonization can also happen outside of religion and literature when a person is honored as a legendary figure in history.
Why Is Martin Luther King Jr. Canonized in History?
- He led the Civil Rights Movement in the U.S.
- His speeches, such as “I Have a Dream”, inspired millions.
- His legacy is honored with a national holiday (MLK Day).
Though not officially canonized by a religious institution, Martin Luther King Jr. has been symbolically canonized in American history, meaning his life and achievements are widely respected and celebrated.
5. How Does Canonization Work?
The process of canonization depends on the field:
- In the Catholic Church, it requires proof of miracles and a formal declaration by the Pope.
- In literature, it happens over time as critics and scholars recognize a work’s importance.
- In history and culture, it occurs through public admiration, media, and education.
Canonization is about more than just honoring someone-it is about ensuring their lasting influence.
6. Why Is Canonization Important?
Canonization matters because it:
- Preserves history and tradition
- Recognizes excellence and impact
- Inspires future generations
Whether in religion, literature, or history, canonization ensures that great figures and works are remembered and respected.
The term canonize is most commonly associated with sainthood in the Catholic Church, but it also applies to literature, history, and culture. Examples like Saint Mother Teresa, Shakespeare, and Martin Luther King Jr. show how canonization works in different fields.
Understanding canonization helps us appreciate why some people, books, and events become icons of history and culture, influencing generations long after they are gone.
