A borehole is an essential source of water for many households, farms, and businesses. However, if your borehole is not pumping water, it can be frustrating and concerning. There are several reasons why this issue might occur, ranging from pump failure, low water levels, clogged pipes, or electrical issues.
This guide will help you diagnose the problem, understand the possible causes, and find the best solutions to restore your borehole’s functionality.
Common Reasons Why Your Borehole Is Not Pumping Water
If your borehole has stopped working, the problem could be due to one or more of the following factors:
1. Power Supply Issues
✔ A faulty power connection can prevent the pump from working.
✔ Circuit breakers may have tripped, cutting off power.
✔ Loose or damaged wiring can disrupt the pump’s operation.
2. Pump Malfunction
✔ The pump may be worn out due to long-term use.
✔ Motor failure can stop the pump from running.
✔ Incorrect pump size may not generate enough pressure.
3. Low Water Table
✔ Boreholes rely on underground water sources, which can drop due to drought or overuse.
✔ Seasonal changes can affect the water levels.
4. Blocked or Clogged Pipes
✔ Dirt, sand, or minerals can build up in the pipes, restricting water flow.
✔ A clogged foot valve can stop the pump from drawing water.
5. Airlocks in the Pipes
✔ Air trapped in the system can prevent water from moving freely.
✔ This is common after maintenance or if the borehole has not been used for a while.
6. Pressure Switch or Control Box Failure
✔ These components regulate the pump’s operation.
✔ A faulty switch may not activate the pump properly.
7. Borehole Casing Damage
✔ A damaged casing can allow contaminants to enter, affecting water flow.
✔ Corrosion or cracks can reduce efficiency.
How to Fix a Borehole That Is Not Pumping Water
Once you have identified a potential cause, follow these steps to fix your borehole and restore water flow.
1. Check the Power Supply
✔ Ensure the pump is connected to a reliable power source.
✔ Reset any tripped circuit breakers or replace blown fuses.
✔ Inspect the wiring for any loose or damaged connections.
2. Test the Pump Functionality
✔ If the pump is not running, it may need to be repaired or replaced.
✔ Check the motor for overheating or burnout.
✔ If unsure, consult a professional for a pump performance test.
3. Measure the Water Table
✔ Use a dip meter to check the water level in the borehole.
✔ If the water table has dropped, consider lowering the pump or waiting for groundwater recharge.
✔ Reduce water usage and allow time for natural replenishment.
4. Clean Blocked Pipes and Filters
✔ Remove and clean the pump’s filter and foot valve.
✔ Flush the pipes with high-pressure water to remove debris.
✔ Use a borehole cleaner or acid treatment if mineral buildup is severe.
5. Remove Airlocks
✔ Open all taps connected to the borehole to release trapped air.
✔ Prime the pump by filling it with water before restarting.
6. Inspect and Replace the Pressure Switch
✔ If the switch is faulty, install a new pressure switch or control box.
✔ Adjust the settings to ensure the pump activates correctly.
7. Repair or Replace Damaged Borehole Casing
✔ If the casing is cracked or corroded, hire a professional to seal or replace it.
✔ Prevent contamination by ensuring the casing is watertight.
How to Prevent Borehole Pumping Issues
To avoid future problems, follow these maintenance tips:
1. Regular Pump Inspections
✔ Schedule annual inspections to check for signs of wear.
✔ Listen for unusual noises that indicate motor or pump issues.
2. Monitor Water Levels
✔ Keep track of seasonal water table changes.
✔ Avoid over-extracting water beyond the borehole’s capacity.
3. Keep Pipes and Filters Clean
✔ Clean or replace filters and screens regularly.
✔ Remove sediment buildup in pipes and valves.
4. Test Electrical Components
✔ Check wiring connections and replace damaged parts.
✔ Ensure the control box and pressure switch are functioning properly.
5. Protect the Borehole from Contaminants
✔ Keep the borehole area free from dirt, debris, and chemicals.
✔ Ensure the casing and well cap are secure and undamaged.
When to Call a Professional
If your borehole is still not pumping water after troubleshooting, it may be time to call an expert. Seek professional help if:
✔ The pump motor is completely non-functional.
✔ There are signs of serious damage to the borehole structure.
✔ The water table is too low and requires advanced solutions.
✔ The issue involves complex electrical problems.
A professional borehole technician can conduct in-depth inspections, perform necessary repairs, and recommend the best solutions for restoring your water supply.
A borehole that is not pumping water can be caused by power supply issues, pump failure, clogged pipes, low water levels, or system malfunctions. Identifying the root cause is the first step in solving the problem.
By following the right troubleshooting steps, performing regular maintenance, and seeking professional help when needed, you can ensure your borehole remains functional, efficient, and reliable for years to come.
